
Using a rectifier to convert the incoming AC current to DC and using Pulse-Width Modulation of the DC current within the inverter (electrical) to produce AC current of a desired frequency, it allows the compressor to run at different speeds.
The microcontroller samples the ambient air temperature and adjusts the speed of the compressor accordingly.
The effect of eliminating stop-start cycles is to increase efficiency extending the life of the components and eliminating the sharp fluctuations in the load the heat pump places on the power supply, and improves efficiency.